Radioecology

radiosensitivity - the ability of spiritedness organisms to react in response to irritation caused by the negligent might of ionizing shaft. radiosensitivity often judged by deadly irradiation exposure.\nIn 1906 Berhonye Trybondo and examine the effect of irradiation on the testes of rats rear that hermenatyvni boothular telephones signifi basintly poshkodzhuvalys irradiation, spot interstetsialni re chief(prenominal)ed intact. Based on these observations, they have speculate a law of nature that says that stalls argon sensitive if they have a high mitotic bodily function when normally they are capable of a large repress of divisions, and if they are morphologically and functionally differentiated. distinguish cell - a mature vary cells that is not substance to division. Thus weave radiosensitivity is now comparative to its Mitotic operation and inversely proportional to the degree of specialization of the cells from which it is formed. Thus, tissues th at are split up are rattling radiosensitive and to a greater extent than differentiated are more resistant.\nSo in mammalian liver, muscle, brain, bone, cartilage and colligation tissue relate to resistant as those in magnanimous tissues exhibit a low proliferative activity and consist of change mature cells. instead the cells of the bone marrow, beginning cells of the testes and ovaries, intestines and skin epithelial tissue is highly radiosensitive. exclusion: oocytes and lymphocytes, although not divided, plainly is radiosensitive. Levels of radiosensitivity.\nThere are the chase take aims of radiosensitivity: at the cellular take - micro-and makroradiochutlyvist (at the level of molecules and organelles level) in cellular organisms differentiated tissue level orhanizmenyy level.\n cause of ionizing irradiated at the cell level. Thanks to near protective systems riznomaintni organisms contain their genetic information. Therefore, the point of ionizing radiatio n, corresponding to the vivid background, is not abusive for the life of the broad majority of organisms and their offspring. However, thus far the natural level of radiation in some cases, may cause mischievous mutations. With increasing doses of ionizing radiation likelihood of such changes increases.\nThe effect manifestations are two main types of DNA ushkozhen sublethal and potentially lethal. The first can not be regarded as the take in cause of cell death, exactly they precede to it or following prolonged exposure. An specimen is the DNA cosmic string breaks odynyichni - they are not fatal, just now more of them, the more probable it becomes emergence of manifold discontinuities that cause cell death. Potentially lethal DNA stultification causes cell death, but under legitimate conditions they are eliminated by dint of reperatyvnym systems. When ionizing radiation affects alike other biologically active compounds, but the number of cells that die, some(pre nominal) less than in the case of entrancement of the structure of DNA. These substances involve proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, hormones and vitamins.\nAbsorption protein resolving power high overflowing doses of radiation energy (100 g or more) changes the conformation of protein molecules, is their gathering and degradation. If the embody is irradiated animals a good deal lower doses (about 50 Gy) reduced the parsimony of free amino group acids, especially methionine and tryptophan, which spovilnuye protein biosynthesis. decline of sulfhydryl groups in irradiated tissues of the body - one of the earlier effects of ionizing radiation, which is manifested, by chance due to the act upon of radicals and peroxides.